Taxonomy

Event categories, story themes & energy assets — at a glance

Every Event in GDELT Cloud carries a structured classification so you can filter, route, and reason over global news the same way an analyst does. Four lenses sit on top of the platform: Conflict events (ACLED-style), CAMEO+ events across ten structural domains, Stories — daily article clusters with scope and theme tags, and Energy Data — the Global Energy Monitor catalog of physical assets (plants, mines, pipelines, terminals, vessels) that pairs with the event-level signal as the structural anchor.

Conflict · ACLED-style

Political violence, demonstrations & strategic developments

Each conflict event is coded with a 3-level hierarchy — disorder type → event type → sub-event type — plus actor pair, geography, fatalities, and a Goldstein-style cooperation/conflict reading. We follow the ACLED codebook independently; we don't license or redistribute ACLED data.

Disorder

Political violence

Armed conflict, attacks, explosions, and targeted violence by armed actors.

Battles

Armed combat between organized groups.

Armed clashGovernment regains territoryNon-state actor overtakes territory
Explosions / Remote violence

Attacks using weapons that allow distance between attacker and target.

Air/drone strikeShelling/artillery/missile attackRemote explosive/landmine/IEDSuicide bombGrenadeChemical weapon
Violence against civilians

Deliberate violence by armed actors targeting unarmed non-combatants.

AttackAbduction/forced disappearanceSexual violence
Disorder

Demonstrations

Organized protests, riots, and crowd-driven violence.

Protests

Organized demonstrations.

Peaceful protestProtest with interventionExcessive force against protesters
Riots

Collective violence, often spontaneous.

Violent demonstrationMob violence
Disorder

Strategic developments

Concrete actions that change the conflict landscape without a battle.

Strategic developments

Confirmed structural changes — agreements, arrests, base establishment, territorial handovers.

AgreementArrestsHeadquarters or base establishedLooting/property destructionNon-violent transfer of territoryChange to group/activityDisrupted weapons useOther
Actor types

Each event records up to two actors with normalized type codes 1–8: state forces, rebel groups, political militias, identity militias, rioters, protesters, civilians, and external/other forces. The interaction field encodes the pair as a normalized label like State forces–Rebel groups or Protesters only.

Geography & precision

Country (ISO-3) is always present. Region, admin1, admin2, named place, and decimal lat/lng narrow further when the source supports it. A geo_precision code (1–3) tells you whether the location is exact, approximate, or only known at the province level.

CAMEO+ · 10 structural domains

Beyond conflict — the structural signals that move geopolitics & markets

CAMEO+ extends the classic CAMEO political-event taxonomy and ACLED conflict layer into the structural domains that shape geopolitics, markets, and instability — economic shocks, corporate moves, technology jumps, infrastructure events, climate hazards, public health, demographic flows, and the information space.

POLITICAL
(CAMEO root)

Political interaction

Diplomatic, cooperative, verbal-conflict, and non-violent coercive political events

  • 01MAKE PUBLIC STATEMENT
  • 02APPEAL
  • 03EXPRESS INTENT TO COOPERATE
  • 04CONSULT
  • 05ENGAGE IN DIPLOMATIC COOPERATION
  • 06ENGAGE IN MATERIAL COOPERATION
  • 07PROVIDE AID
  • 08YIELD
  • 09INVESTIGATE
  • 10DEMAND
  • 11DISAPPROVE
  • 12REJECT
  • 13THREATEN (non-military)
  • 15EXHIBIT FORCE POSTURE
  • 16REDUCE RELATIONS
  • 17COERCE (non-violent)
CRIME
CR

Crime and justice

Ordinary crime, criminal justice, policing, trafficking, organized crime, and custody events

  • CR01HOMICIDE OR VIOLENT CRIME
  • CR02SEXUAL VIOLENCE OR EXPLOITATION
  • CR03KIDNAPPING OR ABDUCTION
  • CR04ROBBERY BURGLARY OR THEFT
  • CR05FRAUD OR FINANCIAL CRIME
  • CR06NARCOTICS TRAFFICKING OR SMUGGLING
  • CR07ORGANIZED CRIME OR GANG ACTIVITY
  • CR08ARREST CHARGE CONVICTION OR SENTENCING
  • CR09PRISON JAILBREAK OR CUSTODY INCIDENT
  • CR10POLICE INVESTIGATION OR OPERATION
ECONOMIC
EC

Economic structure

Macroeconomic, monetary, fiscal, trade, capital flow, and market stress events

  • EC01MACROECONOMIC INDICATOR RELEASE
  • EC02MONETARY POLICY ACTION
  • EC03FISCAL POLICY ACTION
  • EC04TRADE POLICY ACTION
  • EC05MARKET STRESS EVENT
  • EC06CURRENCY EVENT
  • EC07SOVEREIGN DEBT EVENT
CORPORATE
CO

Industrial capacity

Corporate structure, production, technology development, and capital allocation events

  • CO01MERGER OR ACQUISITION
  • CO02BANKRUPTCY OR RESTRUCTURING
  • CO03PRODUCTION CAPACITY CHANGE
  • CO04TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT MILESTONE
  • CO05CAPITAL ALLOCATION EVENT
  • CO06REGULATORY OR LEGAL ACTION
  • CO07LEADERSHIP OR GOVERNANCE CHANGE
  • CO08SUPPLY CHAIN SHOCK
TECHNOLOGY
TE

Technology power

AI capability, military tech, cyber, space, and strategic technology control events

  • TE01AI CAPABILITY EVENT
  • TE02MILITARY TECHNOLOGY EVENT
  • TE03CYBER EVENT
  • TE04SPACE OR SATELLITE EVENT
  • TE05STRATEGIC TECHNOLOGY CONTROL
  • TE06CRITICAL TECH INFRASTRUCTURE
INFRASTRUCTURE
IN

Infrastructure

Energy, transport, supply chain, communications, and water infrastructure events, including strategic buildout milestones

  • IN01ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE EVENT
  • IN02TRANSPORT DISRUPTION
  • IN03SUPPLY CHAIN DISRUPTION
  • IN04COMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE
  • IN05DELIBERATE INFRASTRUCTURE SABOTAGE
  • IN06WATER INFRASTRUCTURE EVENT
ENVIRONMENT
EN

Environmental shocks

Geophysical hazards, meteorological events, climate events, and environmental pollution

  • EN01GEOPHYSICAL HAZARD
  • EN02METEOROLOGICAL HAZARD
  • EN03CLIMATE EVENT
  • EN04ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION EVENT
  • EN05ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OR AGREEMENT
HEALTH
HE

Public health

Epidemic outbreaks, pandemics, vaccine milestones, health policy, and system crises

  • HE01DISEASE OUTBREAK
  • HE02PANDEMIC OR GLOBAL HEALTH EMERGENCY
  • HE03VACCINE OR TREATMENT MILESTONE
  • HE04PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY ACTION
  • HE05HEALTH SYSTEM CRISIS
DEMOGRAPHIC
DE

Demographic structure

Refugee flows, migration events, population crises, and labor events

  • DE01MASS DISPLACEMENT OR REFUGEE EVENT
  • DE02MIGRATION EVENT
  • DE03POPULATION CRISIS
  • DE04LABOR EVENT
  • DE05URBANIZATION OR HOUSING EVENT
INFORMATION
IF

Information space

Disinformation campaigns, information control, major leaks, and narrative warfare

  • IF01DISINFORMATION OR INFLUENCE OPERATION
  • IF02INFORMATION CONTROL ACTION
  • IF03MAJOR LEAK OR DISCLOSURE
  • IF04NARRATIVE WARFARE EVENT
Metrics

Numbers that turn events into signals

Beyond the categorical taxonomy, every event carries domain-aware numeric metrics. Together they let you score, rank, and route events into agentic workflows — from market-impact alerts to humanitarian briefings.

Goldstein scale
−10 to +10

Cooperation-to-conflict spectrum for political and conflict events. Negative is conflictual, positive is cooperative.

Magnitude
0 to 10

Domain-specific severity. For economic events, 10 is a sovereign default; for environment, a major catastrophe; for technology, a frontier capability jump.

Systemic importance
0 to 10

How many states, populations, or sectors the event materially affects. Cross-border crises rate higher.

Propagation potential
0 to 10

Speed and likelihood of cascading effects — viral disinformation, cyber events, and supply-chain shocks rate highest.

Market sensitivity
0 to 10

How much the event tends to move financial markets. Macro and policy actions dominate; cultural events rate low.

Stories

Daily article clusters with scope & theme

A Story is a daily cluster of articles that converge on a single narrative. Stories carry a free-text label, a scope band (how widely the narrative is being covered), and a thematic category drawn from the same structural domains as Events. Story categories are emitted by the clustering layer — they're not a fixed enum, but cluster around recurring buckets.

Scope levels

Each Story is tagged with one of four geographic scope bands. Use scope to filter for breaking-local versus internationally-covered narratives.

Local

A single city or sub-national area, with sources rooted to that place.

National

Coverage spans a single country and its national press.

Regional

A multi-country region — e.g. the Sahel, the Levant, Southeast Asia.

International

Major outlets across multiple regions are converging on the story.

Theme buckets we surface

Categories are not a closed list — the clustering layer can emit fresh labels for novel narratives — but most stories land in one of these recurring buckets.

Conflict & SecurityDiplomacy & PoliticsEconomy & MarketsEnergy & InfrastructureClimate & EnvironmentHealth & DiseaseMigration & DemographicsTechnology & AIInformation & MediaCrime & Justice

Stories link back to the Events generated from their cluster — so you can pivot from a structured Conflict or CAMEO+ event into the article-level evidence that produced it, and out again into the cluster of related stories that touched on the same narrative.

Energy Data · Global Energy Monitor

Energy assets — the structural anchor for events

The Energy Data taxonomy is asset-shaped, not event-shaped: 15 trackers across coal, oil & gas, renewables, nuclear, pipelines, terminals, and vessels. Every asset carries capacity, location, status, ownership chain, and the GEM Wiki page that produced it. Country/region/continent filters expand to the same ISO-3 country list as the events surface, so a query like `region=Middle East` returns events AND energy assets in the same country set — the basis for cross-product analyses (events near critical infrastructure, exposure modeling, ownership pivots).

Geography

country_iso3 (matches V2 events) + secondary_country_iso3 for binational hydro and cross-border pipelines · region · subregion · state/province · city · lat/lon.

Status enum

operating · construction · pre-construction · permitted · announced · proposed · shelved · cancelled · retired · mothballed (vessels also use active / broken up / on order).

Capacity

capacity_value + capacity_unit in native source units (MW, Mtpa, Mt, Bcm/y, bpd, cbm). capacity_mw populated only for power-generation trackers.

Ownership chain

owners / operators / parents as Array(Map(name, entity_id, stake_pct)) — pivot through entity_id for an entity's full cross-tracker portfolio.

Lineage

GEM ID, GEM Wiki URL, last_updated date, dataset_version, source_file — full citation back to Global Energy Monitor.

Tier discriminator

main · sub_threshold · below_threshold · utility · distributed · closed — within-tracker class for the multi-sheet trackers.

Coal

Power generation, extraction, and export infrastructure for thermal and metallurgical coal.

Coal Plants
MW

Tracked at the unit/phase level. Combustion technology, captive flag, planned retirement, annual CO₂.

tracker=coal_plants
Coal Mines
Mtpa

Open-pit and underground. Reserves, methane emissions estimate, met- vs thermal-coal split, mining method.

tracker=coal_mines
Coal Terminals
Mt

Import/export port infrastructure. Linked parent port, product type, destination market.

tracker=coal_terminals
Oil & Gas

Upstream extraction, midstream pipelines, downstream gas-fired generation, and LNG infrastructure.

Oil & Gas Plants
MW

Combined-cycle, peakers, fuel oil, hydrogen capable, CCS attachment. Captive industry use flagged.

tracker=oil_gas_plants
Oil & Gas Extraction

Field-level upstream registry. Onshore/offshore, basin, blocks, discovery year, FID year, WKT field outlines.

tracker=oil_gas_extraction
Gas Pipelines
Bcm/y

Cross-border routes with start + end country, length, diameter, fuel source, FID status, PCI designations.

tracker=gas_pipelines
Oil & NGL Pipelines
bpd

Crude and NGL pipelines. Multi-country routes captured via secondary_country_iso3 and length tracking.

tracker=oil_pipelines
LNG Terminals
Mtpa / Bcm/y

Import & export LNG facilities including FSRUs (floating). Tracks LH2/NH3/synthetic LNG conversion plans.

tracker=lng_terminals
LNG Carriers
cbm

Mobile vessels (asset_class=mobile). IMO number, shipowner, shipbuilder yard, propulsion type.

tracker=lng_carriers
Renewables

Carbon-free generation across the structural sources tracked by Global Energy Monitor.

Solar
MW

Utility-scale (≥1 MW). PV vs CSP technology, associated storage, hydrogen co-production flag.

tracker=solar
Wind
MW

Onshore, offshore, and floating. Phase Name + Below Threshold tier captures sub-utility installations.

tracker=wind
Hydropower
MW

Conventional, run-of-river, and pumped storage. Binational projects expose secondary_country_iso3.

tracker=hydropower
Geothermal
MW

Flash, dry steam, binary, EGS. Green hydrogen producing flag and data-center PPA tracking.

tracker=geothermal
Bioenergy
MW

Biomass, biogas, waste-to-energy. Conversion-from coal flag for retrofitted plants.

tracker=bioenergy
Nuclear

Civil nuclear fission generation across reactor types and operational milestones.

Nuclear
MW

Reactor type, model, construction-start / first-criticality / commercial-operation dates. Reference + design + thermal capacities all preserved.

tracker=nuclear

Capacity is in the tracker's native unit. capacity_mw is populated only for the eight power-generation trackers (coal_plants, oil_gas_plants, nuclear, geothermal, bioenergy, hydropower, solar, wind) — never sum across trackers with mixed units. The cross-tracker view gem.assets_view is safe to filter by country/region/continent or tracker; it's the read surface that powers /energy and /api/v2/energy/assets.

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